Little
Rock Zoo
#1 Jonesboro Drive
Little Rock, AR 72205
phone: 501.666.2406
Fun
Facts - Orangutan
Orangutan
means ‘person of the forest’. It comes from
the Malay words ‘orang’ meaning people and
‘hutan’ meaning "forest".
Orangutans
are a species of great ape along with gorillas, chimpanzees
and bonobos. Great apes are a group of mammals that
all have large brains, forward-facing eyes and gripping
hands. Humans are also great apes. In fact, we share
96.4% of our genetic makeup with orangutans!
Orangutans
are known to be daydreamers and semi-solitary animals.
Unlike
gorillas, and chimpanzees, orangutans do not live in
large social or family groups. Adult males are usually
found alone and adult females are usually accompanied
by one or two offspring.
In
the wild, orangutans usually stay with their mothers
until they’re about eight years old. Orangutans
have the longest childhood of the great apes because,
once they grow up, they don’t have a troop around
to give them more lessons. These solitary animals must
learn all the lessons of finding fruit, building nests,
and other survival techniques before they set off on
their own.
Orangutans
are active during the day, and spend a lot of time foraging
for food. Fruit is their main diet but they also feed
on leaves, bark, seeds, flowers, buds, insects and eggs.
The
orangutan is well adapted for life in the trees. Orangutans
spend all their lives among the trees in fact they are
the largest tree living animals. Sleeping in trees may
sound odd for such a large animal, but they make sleeping
platforms padded with leaves and twigs. These nests
can be as much as 60 feet above the ground.
The orangutan can grasp branches with both its hands
and feet and has very mobile shoulder and hip joints.
Unlike
gorillas, and chimpanzees, orangutans do not live in
large social or family groups. They are semi-solitary
animals. Adult males are usually found alone and adult
females are usually accompanied by one or two offspring.
Orangutans
are very clever. They have been known to observe villagers
use boats to cross waterways, and then untie the boat
and ride it across the river on their own!
A
San Diego Zoo Orangutan (Ken Allen) was known to be
a master escape artist. He would unscrew bolts with
his fingers, reach around to unlatch things, or climb
up a steep incline by the back of his enclosure to slip
over a wall. Each time keepers figured out one of his
escape routes, he would create a new one. He didn't
mind being led back into his enclosure, he would enjoy
the challenge of finding a new way to escape!
Male
orangs are about twice the size of females, standing
four and a half feet tall and weighing 130 to 200 pounds.
Females stand about two and a half feet tall and weigh
90 to 110 pounds.
An
orangutan's arms stretch out longer than their bodies—over
7 feet from fingertip to fingertip!
When they are about 15 years old, male orangs develop
large cheek pads and a throat pouch. The male inflates
his throat pouch to make a loud sound called a “long
call” which alerts other orangutans to his presence
and attract females. Female orangs find the pads to
be very attractive!
In
the wild, orangutans may live up to 45 years and they
may live to be 60 in a zoo. The oldest captive orangutan
was a male called “Guas” at the Philadelphia
Zoo who lived until he was 58!
The
greatest threat to orangutans is the loss of their rainforest
habitat. Tropical rainforests are being cut down for
timber and the land cleared for mining and palm oil
plantations. Orangutans have lost 80% of their habitat
in the last 20 years! Orangutans are occasionally killed
or injured by farmers who consider orangutans to be
pests. If a female orangutan is found with an infant,
the mother may be killed and the infant sold into the
illegal pet trade. In 1900, there were over 315,000
wild orangutans. Today, there are approximately 50,000.
That is a decrease of 80% of the orangutan population.